Problem 1

Answer: E

Solution:

The three apples cost 3*50=150 cents. The change Margie receives is 500-150=350 cents.

中文解析:

3个苹果3*50=150分, 找零应该是5-1.5=3.5元。答案是E。

Problem 2

Answer: E

Solution:

The area of a rectangle is given by the formula length times width. Karl's garden is 20*45=900 square feet and Makenna's garden is 25*40=1000 square feet. Makenna's garden is larger by 1000-900=100 square feet.

中文解析:

Karl的花园是20*45=900, Makenna的花园是25*40=1000. 比Karl的大1000-900=100. 答案是E。

Problem 3

Answer: D

Solution:

One way of approaching this is drawing the next circle of boxes around the current square.We can now count the number of black and white tiles; 32 black tiles and 17 white tiles. This means the answer is 32:17.

中文解析:

再最外围扩展一圈,数一数,应该是7*7的正方形的最外围一圈,24个黑色方块。加上原来的8个黑色方块,共32个黑色方块。白色方块是17个。因此题目所求黑色与白色的比值是:32/17. 答案是D。

Problem 4

Answer: C

Solution:

First, put the numbers in increasing order. 0,0, 1,1,2,2,3,3,3. The mean is 15/9; The median is 2, and the mode is 3 .

中文解析:

这9个数从小到大排列是:0,0, 1,1, 2,2, 3,3,3. 其Median中位数是2. mode是3. mean是5/3. 因此mean<median<mode. 答案是C。

Problem 5

Answer: D

Solution:

There are 60 minutes in an hour. 2011/60=33 hours and 31 minutes. There are 24 hours in a day, so the time is 9 hours and 31 minutes after midnight on January 2, 2011. (midnight of Jan. 1st is 0:00 of Jan.1st)

中文解析:

2011分钟是33小时31分钟。从1月1日的零晨开始, 33小时31分钟后是:1月1日的上午9点31分。答案是D。

Problem 6

Answer: D

Solution:

The number of adults who own both cars and motorcycles is 331+45-351=25. Out of the 331 car owners, 25 of them own motorcycles, 331-25=306 of them don't.

中文解析:

既有汽车,又有摩托车的人数是: (331+45)-351)=25人。331人有汽车,因此有汽车,但没有摩托车的有331-25=306人。答案是D。

Problem 7

Answer: C

Solution:

Assume that the area of each square is 1. Then, the area of the bolded region in the top left square is 1/4. The area of the top right bolded region is 1/8. The area of the bottom left bolded region is 3/8. And the area of the bottom right bolded region is 1/4. Add the four fractions: 1/4+1/8+3/8+1/4=1. The four squares together have an area of 4, so the percentage bolded is 1/4*100=25%.

中文解析:

假设大正方形的面积是1, 左上图中:bolded部分的面积是1/4;右上图中bolded部分的面积是1/8;左下图中bolded部分的面积是3/8;右下图中bolded部分的面积是1/4;全部bolded部分的面积是:1, 占总面积的1/4. 即25%。答案是C。

Problem 8

Answer: B

Solution:

By adding a number from Bag A and a number from Bag B together, the values we can get are 3,5,7,5,7,9,7,9,11. Therefore the number of different values is 5.

中文解析:

从A和B中,各取一个,其和有可能是:3,5,7;5,7,9;7,9,11。去除重复的,剩下的是3,5,7,9,11. 共5个不同的值。 答案是B。

Problem 9

Answer: E

Solution:

We observe the graph and see that the shape of the graph does not matter. We only want the total time it took Carmen and the total distance she traveled. Based on the graph, Carmen traveled 35 miles for 7 hours. Therefore, her average speed is 5.

中文解析:

从图中可以看出, 路径长度是35英里,时间是7小时,因此平均速度是:35/7=5. 答案是E。

Problem 10

Answer: C

Solution:

Let x be the number of miles you ride. The number of miles you ride after the first half mile is x-0.5 We can write this equation: 10=2.4+0.2*(x-0.5)/0.1+2 ; thus, x=3.3

中文解析:

最初的1/2英里,需要2.40美元, 小费2美元,剩下5.6美元。每0.1英里需要0.2元, 则5.6元可以行驶2.8英里。加上最初的1/2英里,共行驶3.3英里。答案是C。

Problem 11

Answer: A

Solution:

Average the differences between each day. We get 10,-10, 20, 30, -20. . We find the average of this list to get 6.

中文解析:

周一S比A多学习10, 周二S比A少10, 周三S比A多20;周四S比A多30, 周五S比A少20. 综合起来:10-10+20+30-20=30.
平均到每天,多30/5=6分钟。答案是A。

Problem 12

Answer: B

Solution:

If we seat Angie first, there would be only one out of three ways Carlos can sit across from Angie. So the final answer is 1/3.

中文解析:

第一步A选位置, 4面中任意选一个位置, 概率是1. A坐下后,他对面只有一个位置,C坐A的对面,只有1个位置是A的对面, 其概率是1/3. 因此A和C相对坐的概率是1/3. 答案是B。

Problem 13

Answer: C

Solution:

The overlap length is 5, so the shaded area is 5*15. The area of the whole shape is 25*15. . The fraction (5*15)/(25*15) reduces to 1/5 or 20%.

中文解析:

两个正方形有部分重叠区域,形成了一个长方形。长是25,宽是15. 面积是25*15=375. 我们可知原来的正方形边长是15. AB=15, PQ=15, 重叠后的AQ是25, 因此重叠的部分PB是5. 阴影部分的面积PBCS=5*15=75. 阴影部分与大长方形的面积的比值是75/175=1/5. 即20%。

Problem 14

Answer: C

Solution:

At Colfax Middle School, there are 4/9 * 270=120 girls. At Winthrop Middle School, there are 5/9*180=100 girls. The ratio of girls to the total number of students is (120+100)/(270+180)=22/45.

中文解析:

Colfax Middle School的男生和女生的比值是5:4, 总人数是270,因此男生是150人, 女生是120人。
Winthrop Middle School的男生和女生的比值是4:5,总人数是180人,因此男生是80人, 女生是100人。
两个学校,女生总数是:120+100=220人。占总人数的比值是:220/450,即22/45. 答案是C。

Problem 15

Answer: D

Solution:

4^5 * 5^10=2^10 * 5^10=10^10. That is one 1 followed by ten 0's, which is 11 digits.

中文解析:

4^5 * 5^10= 2^5 * 2^5 * 5^5*5^5=(2^5 * 5^5) *(2^5*5^5)=10^5 * 10^5=10^10. 10的10次方是10,000,000,000. 共有11个数字,答案是11.

Problem 16

Answer: C

Solution:

25-25-30: Draw the altitude for the side with length 30 on the 25-25-30 triangle. Thus, we have two 15-height-25 right triangles. By the Pythagorean theorem, we have the height is 20.
25-25-40: In the same way, we get two 15-20-25 right triangle.
Thus, the ratio of A/B = (1/2*30*20)/(1/2*40*15)=1/1.

中文解析:

25-25-30的等腰三角形,可以分成两个相等的直角三角形。每个小直角三角形的底边是15, 斜边是25, 根据勾股定理,可得另一条直角边是20. 小直角三角形的面积是:(15*20)/2=150. 则25-25-30的等腰三角形的面积是150*2=300. 即A=300.
同理, 25-25-40的等腰三角形分成两个相等的直角三角形,小直角三角形的三条边分别是: 15-20-25. 小直角三角形的面积是:(15*20)/2=150. 因而25-25-40的等腰三角形的面积是150*2=300. 即B=300. 因此A=B . 答案是C。

Problem 17

Answer: A

Solution:

The prime factorization of 588 is 2*2*3*7*7; we can see w=2, x=1,and z=2. Because 5^0=1,y=0. 2w+3x+5y+7z=4+3+0+14=21.

中文解析:

588的质因数序列是: 2*2*3*7*7. 因此w=2, x=1, y=0, z=2. (质因数序列中没有出现5,因此y=0, 5的0次方是1)。2w+3x+5y+7z=21. 答案是A。

roblem 18

Answer: D

Solution:

There are 6*6=36 ways to roll the two dice, and 6 of them result in two of the same number. Out of the remaining 36-6=30 ways, the number of rolls where the first dice is greater than the second should be the same as the number of rolls where the second dice is greater than the first. In other words, there are 30/2=15 ways the first roll can be greater than the second. The probability the first number is greater than or equal to the second number is (15+6)/36=7/12.

中文解析:

同时掷2个色子的结果有6*6=36个结果。题目要求计算第一个大于或等于第二个的可能性。如果第二个色子是1, 则第一个色子是1,2,3,4,5,6 都满足题意,即有6种。这种情况出现的可能性是:1/6 * 6/6=6/36. 如果第二个色子是2, 则第一个色子是2,3,4,5,6都可以,有5种。这种情况出现的可能性是1/6 * 5/6=5/36. 同理,当第二个色子是3时,满足题意的概率是1/6 * 4/6=4/36. 当第二个色子是4时,满足题意的概率是 1/6* 3/6 , 当第二个色子是5时,满足题意的概率是 1/6* 2/6 ; 当第二个色子是6时,满足题意的概率是 1/6* 1/6 . 综合起来,概率是: 6/36+5/36+4/36+3/36+2/36+1/36=21/36=7/12. 答案是D。

Problem 19

Answer: D

Solution:

The number of rectangles with just one section is 3. The number of rectangles with two sections is 5. There are none with only three sections. The number of rectangles with four sections is 4. 3+5+3=11.

中文解析:

ABCD, EFGH, IJKL; MFON, NORD, OPCR; MFRD, NPCD; IOSL,OJKS; ABPN. 共11个长方形。答案是D。

Problem 20

Answer: D

Solution:

If you draw altitudes from A and B to CD the trapezoid will be divided into two right triangles and a rectangle. Using Pythagorean theorem, the sides of left right triangle are 15,12,9; the sides of other right triangle are 12, 16, 20. Thus, DC=9+50+16=75. The area of the trapezoid is (50+75)*12/2=750.

中文解析:

如上图,在直角三角形ADE中,使用勾股定理, DE=9. 在直角三角形BFC中, 使用勾股定理, FC=16. DC的长度是9+50+16=75. 梯形的面积是:(50+75)*12/2=750. 答案是D。

Problem 21

Answer: C

Solution:

If at least half the guesses are too low, then Norb's age must be greater than 36. If two of the guesses are off by one, then his age is in between two guesses whose difference is 2. It could be 37or 48. Lastly, Norb's age is a prime number so the answer must be 37.

中文解析:

“At least half of you guessed too low". 说明前一半的数24, 28, 30,32,36都比答案小。”two of you are off by one": 告诉我们有两个人的猜测只比答案差1, 那有可能是36和38中间的37, 也有可能是47和49之间的48. 但是“my age is a prime number",答案必须是一个质数, 则是37.

Problem 22

Answer: D

Solution:

We want the tens digit So, we take 7^2011(mod 100) . That is congruent to 7^11(mod 100). . From here, it is an easy bash, 7, 49, 43, 01, 07, 49, 43, 01, 07, 49, 43. So the answer is 4.

中文解析:

类似Units digit, 我们关注7的n次方的后两位的规律, 7的1,2,3,4,5,6,......次方的后两位分别是: 7, 49, 43, 01;07, 49,...... 可以看出每4个一组重复的规律。2011=502*4+3, 因此7的2011次方,应该是43. 十位数是4.

Problem 23

Answer: D

Solution:

Case 1: The last digit is 5. The number of integers is this case is 4*4*3*1=48.
Case 2: The last digit is 0. The number of integers in this case is 1*3*4*3=36.
Therefore, the answer is 48+36=84.

中文解析:

这个4位数只能从{0,1,2,3,4,5}中选择不同的数字,必须包含数字5. 因为是5的倍数,个位数必须是5或者0.
分两种情况讨论:
Case 1: 个位数是5:千位数不能是0, 不能是5,可以是1,2,3,4中的任意一个,有4种选择;百位数有4种选择, 十位数有3种选择,个位数必须是5. 这种情况下,4*4*3*1=48.
Case 2: 各位数是0:除个位数外,必须有一个数字是5, 如果千位数是5,则百位数有4种选择,十位数有3种选择,则有:1*4*3*1=12. 同理,也可以是百位数是5,则:4*1*3*1=12, 也可以是十位数是5,则4*3*1*1=12. 因此,在个位数是0的情况下, 共有12+12+12=36种选择。
Case 1 和 Case 2 合起来,共 48+36=84.

Problem 24

Answer: A

Solution:

For the sum of two numbers to be odd, one must be odd and the other must be even, There are only 2 is a prime number in even number. So our only combination could be 2 and 9999. However, 9999 is clearly divisible by 3. So the number of ways 10001 can be written as the sum of two primes is 0.

中文解析:

两个质数相加的和是一个奇数(1001),因为质数除了2之外都是奇数,因此必然有一个质数是2. 则另一个质数是10001-2=9999. 而9999不是质数,所以答案是0.

Problem 25

Answer: A

Solution:

The area of the smaller square is the one half of the product of its diagonals: 2*2/2=2.
The circle's shaded area is the area of the smaller square subtracted from the area of the circle: Pi*1*1-2=Pi-2.
The area of the bigger square is: 2*2=4. The area between the squares is equal to the area of the smaller square: 4-2=2.
Approximating Pi to 3.14, the ratio of the circle's shaded area to the area between the two squares is about (Pi-2)/2=1.14/2=1/2.

中文解析:

大正方形的边长是圆的直径(2),因此大正方形的面积是2*2=4. 圆的面积是Pi*1*1=Pi; 小正方形的边长,根据勾股定理,得到是2的平方根,因此小正方形的面积是2. 圆内的阴影部分的面积是Pi-2; 两个正方形之间的面积是4-2=2. 因此答案是(Pi-2)/2, 近似于 1/2.

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